Imagine walking

Imagine walking into a dance club and feeling like you are floating through the door and hovering over the crowd. As you enter the dance floor the music and the lights slam your senses and send your body into overload. The music sounds more real, as if it was inside your head playing only for you. The lights are unbelieveably bright and they seem to hypnotize you. You step on the dance floor and the crowd swallows you in. Your body begins to move to the music without you even thinking about it. The music seems to be perfect and the crown around seems to be in perfect harmony with you and the music and lights. You dance with many people and you seem to have the perfect moves to go with any song that is played. Your mouth in constantly dry and you find yourself drinking gallons of water to keep from dehydrating. You dance all night long, loving every minute of your roll. Your senses are in a state of complete magnification and you love every minute of it. This is ECS! There is a new drug taking over in this millennium. This drug is different than drugs of the past. It is used by the younger generation, by clubbers, and generally by young people looking for a good time and a great high. Ecstasy has changed the way we look at drugs. Its not physically addictive and for the most part it is only used when people go out, to a party or a dance club. This drug is very popular and it has many people worried. No one really knows what it does to the body yet, and there are always rumors of death from taking these pills. Throughout this paper I will give the facts on ecstasy, its role in society, and its effects on human body. First off Im going to tell what ecstasy really is. The chemical makeup of ecstasy is, (C11H15NO2). The name for this compound is Methylenedioxy Methamphetamine or MDMA. One of the most challenging things that law enforcement is facing is the fact that this drug is easy to make and distribute. ...

Comitia Curiata

Comitia Curiata Definition The Comitia Curiata was an archaic political assembly in ancient Rome that survived in vestigial form until the end of the Republic. Most of what is said about it is supposition. Curiata comes from the term curia, a place of meeting. This location term was applied to curiae, which refers to the 30 kinship groups into which the Roman families were divided and that provided men for the military. These curiae were split among the three tribes of the period of the first king, Romulus. The three Romulan tribes were the Ramnenses, Titienses, and Luceres, supposedly named for: Romulus and connected with the Palatine Hill,the Sabine Titus Tatius and connected with the Quirinal Hill, andan Etruscan warrior named Lucumo, associated with the Caelian. It acted on the votes of its constituent members (the curiae). Each curia had one vote that was based on the majority of the votes of the members of that curia. The function of the Comitia Curiata was to confer imperium and to play certain formal roles, like witnessing adoptions and wills. It may have played a role in the selection of kings. The power of the king and the Senate dwarfed that of the Comitia Curiata during the Regal period. Examples Edward E. Best writes: [The] functions [of the comitia curiata] by the last century of the Republic had become a formality performed by 30 lictors representing each of the curiae. Sources: Literacy and Roman Voting, by Edward E. Best; Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte, Bd. 23, H. 4 (4th Qtr., 1974), pp. 428-43.A History of the Roman World 753-146 B.C., by H.H. Scullard; 1961The Beginnings of Rome, by T.J. Cornell; 1995The Servian ReformsHugh LastThe Journal of Roman Studies Vol. 35, Parts 1 and 2 (1945), pp. 30-48.

Legalization of Prostitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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Human Male and Female Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Male and Female - Essay Example The pill or oral contraceptives are also common and effective if used the right way. These pills contain different combinations of synthetic estrogens and progestins to interfere with ovulation. They are effective if taken once a day and preferably at the same time each day, though they do not reduce risks of STDs. They can be ineffective for those who smoke, more than 35 years old, have histories of blood clots, high blood pressure or certain types of cancer such as liver, breast, or endometrial cancers (Ireland 518). Injectable birth control is another method. It involves the injection of a particular progestin, Depo-Provera (depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate) given to the arm or buttocks once in three months. One disadvantage is that it can temporarily lead to a loss of bone density especially if used by adolescents. Discontinuation of this method can stop the bone loss. Certain foods and diets are essential if a patient chooses this method, especially those rich in calcium and vitamin. It does not prevent STDs (Ireland 518). Implantable rods are the size of a matchstick surgically inserted in the upper arm of a woman. It releases progestin and can work for a period of five years. It does not reduce in any way the risks of STDs, and if the date lapses, it may take a while before a woman becomes pregnant (Ireland 519). Emergency contraceptive pills are hormonal pills taken as a single dosage or taking two doses twelve hours apart. These are commonly used after unprotected sexual intercourse.

Why Is the Initial Consultation so Important Essay Example for Free

Why Is the Initial Consultation so Important Essay During this essay I will be discussing ethics and what ethical issues the therapist faces in relation to initial consultation with the client. What an initial consultation is and why it is so important that one is completed without exception. I will also explore what the process is, what happens at the initial consultation, and how the therapist will gather the required information. I also aim to explore what benefits and contra indications there are for having an initial consultation. According to a thesaurus the word â€Å"Ethics† means: a moral- code, values, principles and beliefs. This definition leads to the question, what is meant by the phrase, â€Å"Ethical therapist†? An ethical therapist within the UK works within the Code of Ethics which was developed from the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy Code of Ethics April 2002. This constitutes of a moral code of principles and values which should always be adhered to whenever the therapist is practising. The Code of Ethics covers for example: 1. Providing a good standard of care, safeguarding both the therapist and client. 2. Only treating clients within your own qualifications   3.  The therapist must attend regular supervision 4. Ensure your client understands the boundaries and limits. 5. Manage the clients’ expectations 6. Conflicts of interest 7. Gaining and keeping trust 8. Ensure that the therapy is â€Å"Client centred† The above points are a brief precis of what the Code of Ethics covers, and are an integral part of the therapists working practice. The therapist must remain professional at all times both in appearance and manner. It is also important to consider the layout of the consulting room to ensure safety for both the client and the therapist. The initial consultation will be the first time the client and therapist meet and first impressions are important to the client and will count. The therapist will have assumptions made about them within the first minutes of meeting. These assumptions will come from the way the client is greeted, the therapist’s pattern and manner of speech and their body language; these assumptions are pivotal to building rapport. A major objective of the initial consultation is for the therapist to assess if this type of therapy is suitable for the client, and whether or ot both client and therapist feel comfortable working with each other while beginning to build a working professional rapport. It is important for the therapist to gather detailed information about the client before embarking on therapy of any kind. As well as taking and recording obvious personal details, name address etc, it is important to probe to discover details about the client’s life, ie hobbies, work, family situation, the client’s GP details and medical history. This is a major factor in the assessment from an ethical point of view, as this alone can determine whether hypnotherapy is suitable for the client. If the client demonstrates reluctance to divulge medical information and/or GP details then it is advisable to ask them to get a letter from their GP stating that hypnotherapy will be suitable. Hypnotherapists treat neurosis not psychosis so it would not be ethical to treat the client with a psychosis. Neurosis is a term used to describe various psychological disorders such as: †¢ Anxiety Disorders – This is an overreaction to normal tolerated stresses †¢ Panic Disorders – Regular panic attacks where the client has no causing heart conditions. †¢ Phobias – A fear that affects the clients’ life Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) – The client has unwelcoming or intrusive thoughts or behaviours that they have to carry out †¢ Separation Anxiety – An irrational feeling of separation from parents by the child †¢ Post Traumatic Stress Disorder – Symptoms following a disaster †¢ Psychosomatic Disorders – Symptoms of emotions or subconscious cognitions being released, sometimes with increased stress levels †¢ Reactive Depression – Depression that arises from an external event such as bereavement The client will be aware that they have this type of condition and completely aware of reality. Normally these disorders are associated with stress and anxiety but the client is likely to still be able to function within society. Psychoses are identified when the client is unaware that they have a problem. They may have a tendency to blame others or the world as long as it’s not them. There are two types of psychoses: †¢ Functional – This covers schizophrenia, split personalities, bipolar-disorder and delusional or confused states. †¢ Organic – This covers toxins in the body, Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, excessive post natal depression and severe PMT. It is unethical for a herapist to treat clients with psychosis if they are not medically trained to do so. It should never be assumed by the therapist what type of psychosis the client is suffering from and an accurate diagnosis should always be obtained. There are many uncertain areas around these neuroses, it must also be understood that they can and may worsen subsequently developing into psychosis. If any of the above neuroses prevail then the doctor’s written consent must be obtained before being able to treat. This consent must also state that the client is not suffering from any form of psychosis. It is important to be aware that some conditions cannot be treated alone and may require specific expertise and specialist work. Extreme caution should be taken by the therapist when assessing if treatment can be given and they should always be prepared to refer the client on to the relevant professionals. Hypnotherapy should not be carried out on clients with certain medical histories or conditions; eg epilepsy. The therapist needs to know all medications the client may be taking; have an understanding as to what these medicines do and any side effects they may have. This should also include any historic medications that have been prescribed. Information can be obtained from the medical history should indicate if the client has any mental health problems. It is a good idea for the therapist to register with the British National Formulary (BNF) to use the drug database to check on medications if there is uncertainty. If the client has any special needs then consent from a guardian should be sought and ideally they should be present during the therapy sessions. It is also essential that the therapist gains a thorough understanding of what the client’s expectations of hypnotherapy are. The client may have previous experience and details should be obtained around the type of therapy received and what this was used for. Any particular styles used and the client’s reactions to these styles. Success of therapy is very important and exploring the client’s previous experiences will reveal barriers and/or successful approaches for this client. If the client has had negative previous experiences then these issues need to be approached carefully. If the client shows signs of not trusting the therapy or believing that it will not work for them the efficacy of the treatment may be compromised. The therapist will need to work on these issues and reassure the client, going onto advise if treatment sessions need to be extended to allow for the situation. It may also be decided that due to negative emotions or pre-conceptions, therapy will not be suitable for the client at this stage. The therapy style and approach should always be explained and discussed with the client. This helps with building trust and rapport and also provides reassurance for the clients with no experience of hypnotherapy. It should always be stressed to the client that they remain in control at all times and that the therapist will always keep the clients moral belief system at the forefront of the therapies conducted. It is important the therapist understands the client’s goal and their reason for seeking therapy. The goal should be discussed during the initial consultation so that it becomes a part of the contract between the client and the therapist. It is imperative that goal must be achievable and tangible. If the initial goal is not realistic, the therapist should explore with the client why it is unachievable and create a realistic goal. Complex goals can be made manageable by breaking the goal down into steps. Whatever the goal is, it must be ensured that it will not have a negative effect on the client’s health The therapist should consider that it is desirable to have a neutral client/therapist relationship; thus avoiding a possible conflict of interest if you know each other either as a friend, neighbour, work colleague or a relative. Working with people you know is best avoided. This is because the client/therapist relationship would rarely be neutral and it would be difficult to foresee whether this would have a beneficial or negative impact on the sessions. Therefore having a duel relationship with the client should be avoided as it may be detrimental to them and would breach the Code of Ethics. It is stated in section 7 of the National Code of Ethics for Hypnotherapists that, â€Å" The practitioner has the right to refuse or terminate any treatment if it is a reasonable belief that it will not be, or continue to be, efficacious. † It is at this point that the therapist should explain fully to clients in advance of any treatment; the fee levels, precise terms of payment and any charges which may incur for non-attendance or cancelled appointments and wherever relevant, confidentiality issues. This means that terms and conditions should be clarified in relation to the specific client’s needs. It should be advised that maybe, for therapeutic reasons, the treatment will need to be modified or extended, this must be discussed and the client must be made aware of the impact of these changes will have on the overall cost of the treatment. All services must be presented to the client in an unambiguous manner, including realistic outcomes of treatment and any limitations, the therapist should not under any circumstances guarantee a cure or successful resolution of the problem . This will ensure that the client has complete control over their decision to buy the services of the therapist and undergo hypnotherapy. At this point in setting the contract, the therapist should ensure all terms and conditions are made accessible to the client as it is ethical for both the client and the therapist’s well being. It must be discussed that everything that happens in the therapy sessions are confidential, however if the client says that they have committed a crime or wants to harm themselves then the therapist should consult their own supervisor for guidance. The therapist should explain that they may discuss their sessions with the therapist’s own supervisor, advising that names will not be mentioned. It is important that the client is fully aware that the therapist also undergoes regular supervision to ensure standards of practice and ethics are being met. There is a question whether to charge for the initial consultation. There are many things to support charging for the first consultation. The fact that the consultation is a vital part in assessing the client and potential therapy indicates that it should carry a charge. However it can seem that charging for this session is unjust if the therapist cannot provide therapy. A possible outcome of not charging is that clients may take advantage of this â€Å"free† time with no intention of seeking further sessions. It is therefore important that the therapist sets out the terms and conditions for the initial consultation, before it starts. I would charge for the first consultation regardless of whether treatment will commences, as this reduces the problems and issues that may occur around free sessions. It also provides some payment for the therapist’s time and ensures neither party is taken advantage of. However I would consider refunding the clients money at my discretion. In conclusion I consider it is imperative for an ethical therapist to gather information around the client’s background and history. There are many significant factors that have to be investigated before hypnotherapy can be carried out on a client and this is why the first consultation is very important regardless of whether it is envisaged that one session will complete the treatment or a series of sessions will be appropriate. A contract between both parties should be made every time a new course of treatment is commenced ensuring the safety of both parties. It must be remembered that the effectiveness of any hypnotherapy treatment heavily relies on the information, insight, rapport and openness of the initial consultation.

Sterling Engines :: physics sterling engine

The Sterling heat engine was invented by Robert Stirling in 1816. He was a reverend in the Scotland who built heat engines in his home workshop. His Heat Economiser was patented in 1816. The engine incorporates ideas of reduced fuel consumption compared with the current steam engines. Further development to the engine happened when his younger brother suggested using pressurized gas as the working fluid. Additional patents in 1827 and 1840 were for improvement to the design. A closed cycle with external heating engine that has a power piston, a displacer to move the enclosed air between the hot and cold ends a regenerator in now called a Stirling Cycle Engine. Air in the engine is cyclically heated (by an alcohol burner) and expands to push the power piston (shown in blue) to the right. As the power piston moves to the right, the yellow linkage forces the loose-fitting, red "piston" (on the left half of the machine) to displace air to the cooler side of the engine. The air on the cool side loses heat to the outside world and contracts, pulling the blue piston to the left. The air is again displaced, sending it back to the hotter region of the engine, and the cycle repeats. Stirling Engines work on a temperature difference between the hot end and the cooling fins. Any source of heat could be used. Refrigerant on the cold end may be needed for long term use or if the barrier conducts too much heat. On a finely machined Stirling engine, the temperature difference can be as low a just a few degrees- the heat from your hand can be enough to power the flywheel. Stirling Engines are most commonly found in waste heat recovery systems. Power plants that generate hot water could be used to power several heat engines for no additional cost after setup. However, the power generated by these engines would be only a fraction of what the steam turbine is putting out. Set up costs are high enough that waste heat recovery systems are not too common. Interests in heat engines may increase because they minimize the cost per unit energy being produced. For large scale power production, Stirling Engines are too expense to make. Given current energy shortages and rising environmental concerns, heat engines may become more attractive. The most common application of Stirling Engines is water pumping. Even Robert Stirling modified his engine to pump water from a stone quarry.

Accounting Assignment Week 5

16-1, 16-2, 16-3, 16-5 Exercise 16-1Identifying cash inflows and outflows Indicate which of the following items will result in cash inflows and which will result in cash outflows. The first one is shown as an example. Initial investment |Outflow | |Salvage values |Inflow | |Recovery of working capital |Inflow | |Incremental expenses |Outflow | |Working capital commitments |Outflow | |Costsavings |Inflow | |Incremental revenue |Inflow |Exercise 16-2Determining the present value of a lump-sum future cash receipt Stan Sweeney turned 20 years old today. His grandfather established a trust fund that will pay Mr. Sweeney $80,000 on his next birthday. However, Stan needs money today to start his college education. His father is willing to help and has agreed to give Stan the present value of the future cash inflow, assuming a 10 percent rate of return. Required A. Use a present value table to determine the amount of cash that Stan Sweeney’s father should give him.Using the Present Va lue of $1 table, The factor for 1 year at 10% rate of return is 0. 90909 The PV of $80,000 after year 1 is PV = 80,000 * PV factor PV = 80000 * 0. 90909 PV = $72,727. 20 Based of The Present Value, Stan Sweeney's father should give him $72,727. 20 B. ) Use an algebraic formula to prove that the present value of the trust fund (the amount of cash computed in Requirement a) is equal to its $80,000 future value. Investment + (0. 90909 x Investment) = $80,000 $72,727 + (0. 12 x $72,727. 20) =$80,000 $72,727 + $7,273 = $80,000 $80,000 = $80,000Exercise 16-3Determining the present value of a lump-sum future cash receipt Marsha Bittner expects to receive a $600,000 cash benefit when she retires five years from today. Ms. Bittner’s employer has offered an early retirement incentive by agreeing to pay her $360,000 today if she agrees to retire immediately. Ms. Bittner desires to earn a rate of return of 12 percent. Required A. Assuming that the retirement benefit is the only considera tion in making the retirement deci- sion, should Ms. Bittner accept her employer’s offer? Ms. Bittner should not accept the her employers offer.B. Identify the factors that cause the present value of the retirement benefit to be less than $600,000 Inflation is one factor that could affect the present value of the retirement benefit. Taxes is another factor that could affect the present value of the retirement benefit. Exercise 16-5Determining net present value Metro Shuttle Inc. is considering investing in two new vans that are expected to generate com- bined cash inflows of $28,000 per year. The vans’ combined purchase price is $91,000. The ex- pected life and salvage value of each are four years and $21,000, respectively.Metro Shuttle has an average cost of capital of 14 percent Required a. Calculate the net present value of the investment opportunity. |Present Value |FV X PRESENT VALUE |=  Ã‚   Present Value Equivalent  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   | |Pe riod 1 |28,000  Ã‚   X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   0. 877193  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   |$24,561 | |Period 2 |28,000  Ã‚   X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     0. 769468  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   |21,545 | |Period 3 |28,000  Ã‚   X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     0. 74972  Ã‚  Ã‚   |18,899 | |Period 4 |28,000  Ã‚   X  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     0. 592080  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   |16,578 | |   |TOTAL |$ 81,583 | b. Indicate whether the investment opportunity is expected to earn a return that is above or below the cost of capital and whether it should be accepted. The investment opportunity is anticipated to earn a return that is below the cost of capital. The investment should not be accepted.

Early memories

â€Å"Hi It's me†. That's what you always said when you used to call me. The velvet angelic voice that broke the silence of those lonely winter days. Your voice was like a disguise, an invisible coat which disguised many mysteries that collaged into one big jigsaw, which could have simply be defined as your lifestory. Although I had been knowing you for a long time, I had never managed to aquaint with your deepest feelings. Not that I blame you, or me for that; there is an old Chilean saying that states that it takes a lifetime to understand a woman, and another lifetime to learn how to deal with her. Like read about memories? Read also  Flashbulb memory! As I stand in my bedroom staring at the surroundings, I remember the past times in which our relationship was fluorishing, when one of your smiles would irrigate my empty mind with happiness and comfort. I had been spending a prolonged period of time In Latin America, visiting my family. I was anxious to see my relatives again, and apart from occasional spalshes of sadness and tears sheded in states of semi-unconciousness you didn't seem to resent much from my departure. It were those frigid sides of your personality that allowed you to conduct the type of life in which you lived through everyday. This was probably the reason why we seemed to get along so well with eachother, we mixed together with the same harmony in which the water from the sea and the sand from the bankshore mix: completely different creatures, native of completely different worlds fitting together like a key in a lock. It was a hot damp summer, the high temperatures of the tropics blurred my mind, just like the fumes coming from the exausts of the old american chevrolets blurred the intense blue sky that gave a magic atmosphere to this remote part of the globe. I would wake up around 7. 30 to start my morning job. I would distribute rations of bread to the neighbouring houses. By that time the empty streets would already be bursting with life. The distant shouts of the vendors in the market place, overcasted by the sound of the jarring traffic, would almost give a rythm to the fast and precise movements of the indigenous woman weaving colourful blankets made of Alpaca skin. I would grab something to eat, and then I would rapidly descend the stairs three steps at a time, as the small truck sounded the clackson. Roberto was already waiting for me at the back of the truck, he was wearing a brand new Guayabera which he said, had been a present for his birthday. When we finished distributing the bread, we would go collect fruit from the jungle, which was a delimiting territory of the region of Pinar Del Rio, feeling like grown ups with our machetes linked to the back of our belt. As the small truck accelerates, I gradually see my little neighbourhood with its palms and markets disappear in the distance, like a dye when mixed with water. The empty and recently built road, melts in with the sea and the surroundings giving the passengers on the vehicle the impression of living in a surrealist painting. Small drops of sweat fulgidly run down my forehead; as a gust of wind blows away a jasmine flower I had picked up on the way, it brings to my mind a wave of memories just like the river brings the detritus to the sea. I lean against a flower bag in the corner of the back of the truck, and you come to my mind again. It was the first few days, I had been guest to this new and alien country. Everything I saw I found peculiar, from the side on which english people drove on the road, to their unusual tradition of having dinner at five o'clock. As I stared in the eyes of these local people, I could only see ice and a melancholycal emptyness, which I wondered if was their nature or their response to my arrival. The first time I saw you I was expecting the same frigid and senseless look, and I was surprised as I noticed none of these elements were present in your look. This was probably the only reason I was so attracted to you initially. Your openiness, and the energy which bursted from the pores of your skin embraced me in a way it was impossible for me to escape, so I decided to surrender and let me carry away by this flow of positive sensation. I had noticed in you a pinch of shyness which arised only in specific situations and under the tension of certain questions. I was never really sure if you behaved like that because you were curious of me and you were trying to get to know me and my environment, just like a laboratory scientist is curious of the behaviour of their guinea-pig to evaluate their intelectual potential, or because you felt sorry for me and the situation I was imprisoned in. As the the days and months went by, our friendship grew stronger, but as all the good things came along so did the bad things. The cultural differences between us in obstacled our relationship in an indirect way. We could not see eachother very often, but this abstinence as well as the suspense which grew in between the times we didn't see eachother, added flavour too our relationship as well as avoiding it from losing originality. Though at times it was need to see you was immense and hard to revoke, especially when we did not have a chance too meet, it made our meetings more special in a way that I was sure I was not going to experience with any other person. Between the smiles and tears of which gave colour to this past year, I barely had time to reflect upon how sometime this will have to end. Now in between dream and reality, this idea comes back to me bringing along sadness and desolation. I wonder if you are thinking the same thing in this times I was out of the country. Out of nowhere a hand taps me on the shoulder and a voice says: † If you truly believe in a moment it will last forever. † I immediately open my eyes, and see Roberto smiling at me. Apparently I had been talking during my dream, and he had heard everything I had said. His arm approaches me again, and I notice the contrast of his brown skin being burned from the sun with the white shirt he was wearing. We had arrived to the jungle; one last time my thoughts and doubts rush into my mind, before our little group of kids start working on the first row of palms delimiting the known world from the mysterious and intriguing jungle.

How to become a kindergarten teacher

How to become a kindergarten teacher As far as teaching careers go, the idea of being a kindergarten teacher seems very appealing. The students are young, not yet subject to the social pressures of middle and high school, and eager to learn about the world. Maybe you see yourself singing songs and helping kids take those tentative first steps on their educational road. But while the job does include those things, the idealized vision of singing about ABCs isn’t the whole picture. Kindergarten teachers are educators first and foremost, and have the daunting task of making sure that many students’ first formal classroom helps set them up for a good education later on. What does a kindergarten teacher do?Because of the basic nature of what early elementary school educators teach, there can be misconceptions about how â€Å"easy† it is to be a kindergarten teacher. Sure, they typically don’t teach advanced calculus, but they do need to be able to teach in a variety of subject areas, while balanci ng young students’ complex needs for social and interpersonal development. A kindergarten teacher’s duties may include:Teaching lessons and basic academic skills across different disciplines (reading, writing, math, science, etc.)Managing classroom behaviorPlanning lessons and curriculumDeveloping educational play activitiesKindergarten teachers can be found in any elementary-level school, including public schools, private schools, or magnet schools. The school week is typically a straightforward number of daytime hours, but the job may also require additional time spent in the mornings, evenings, and off-hours to prepare for school, participate in professional development, or oversee extracurricular activities/school programs. Depending on how the school is structured, kindergarten teachers may have one main class per year, or two (morning and afternoon sessions).What skills do kindergarten teachers need?First and foremost, kindergarten teachers need to have a balance between educational skills and people skills, given that their students may have yet to master a number of life skills and may have a broad variety of needs and skill levels. Here are some of the core skills you’ll need as a kindergarten teacher:Teaching Skills:  For many students, the kindergarten classroom may be the first place they’ll encounter formal lessons on reading, writing, etc. A kindergarten teacher needs to be able to teach the basic building blocks for students with different skills and abilities.Kid-Friendliness:  If you don’t like kids, then spending all day, every day handling the needs of 5–7 year olds just may not be the right teaching career for you. The job definitely requires a good measure of patience and enthusiasm for working with young kids- and all their quirks.Creativity:  Kindergarten is special because it mixes in play and hands-on activities before students start to move on to more formal classes in later grades. A ki ndergarten teacher should have a flair for coming up with fun, creative ways to use educational concepts in the classroom.Organizational Skills:  Kids can bring chaos, especially in large groups. The adult in the room should not also bring chaos. Organizational skills are a cornerstone of any teaching profession, and being able to organize and efficiently manage a classroom full of little kids is an immensely useful skill unto itself.What do you need to become a kindergarten teacher?Unlike preschool teachers, who may not need a four-year degree, becoming a kindergarten teacher typically requires a four-year degree in early childhood education. Many teachers also go on to receive a master’s degree as well. Public school kindergarten teachers are required to be licensed, but this step is not necessarily required for private school teachers. You should consult with your state’s licensing policies, as well as those of your target school/district to see what the specific requirements are.How much do kindergarten teachers get paid?According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for kindergarten teachers is $55,490. This can vary depending on the teacher’s experience and the type of school.What’s the outlook for kindergarten teachers?This is a field that will continue to grow (or at least maintain) given that kids are a continually replenishing natural resource and will always need quality teachers to guide them through those early educational steps. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics expects that the demand for kindergarten teachers will grow by about 6% through 2024.

A Passage to India Questions for Study and Discussion

A Passage to India Questions for Study and Discussion A Passage to India  (1924) is a highly-acclaimed novel by English author E. M. Forster set in India during the Indian independence movement. The story is based on Forsters personal experiences in India, and tells the story of an Indian man wrongfully accused of assaulting an English woman. A Passage to India depicts the racism and social prejudices that existed in India while it was under British rule. The novels title is taken from the Walt Whitman poem of the same name, which was part of Whitmans 1870 poetry collection Leaves of Grass. Here are a few questions for study and discussion, related to A Passage to India: What is important about the books title? Why is it significant that Forster chose this particular Walt Whitman poem as the novels title?   What are the conflicts in A Passage to India? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) are in this novel? How does E.M. Forster reveal character in A Passage to India? What is the symbolic meaning of the caves where the incident with Adela takes place? How would you describe the central character of Aziz?   What changes does Aziz undergo over the course of the story? Is his evolution believable? What is Fieldings true motivation for helping Aziz? Is he consistent in his actions? How are the female characters in A Passage to India portrayed? Was this depiction of women a conscious choice by Forster?   Does the story end the way you expected? Do you consider it a happy ending?   Compare the society and politics of the India of Forsters time to the India of today. What has changed? What is different? How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else? In any other time? This is just one part of our  study  guide  series on A Passage to India. Please see the links below for additional helpful resources. Book Review: A Passage to India ReviewQuotesTerms / Vocabulary

Positivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Positivism - Essay Example Contrastingly, the school of positivism which followed, introduced the scientific method of the natural sciences for studying criminal behavior. Though the main elements of the two concepts: classical criminology and positivism focus on different issues as causal factors, both emphasize the role of social factors in fuelling crime, as well as psychological, biological and economic reasons underlying criminal behavior. The classical school’s emphasis on the free will of individuals resulting in behavior patterns, which could be corrected by appropriate punishment, was replaced by the positivist school which was geared only towards practical goals such as the elimination of anti-social conduct (Taylor et al, 1973), and not hampered by irrelevant philosophical, ethical, religious, and retributory beliefs of classical criminology. Originating in eighteenth century Europe, classical criminology was the study of human criminal behavior, in which the basic theory was that people are rational human beings who choose to commit criminal behavior, and can be discouraged from doing so by the threat of punishment as consequence for criminal behavior (Burke, 2005). Classical criminology, based on social contract theories formulated by Hobbes, Montesquieu and Rousseau, was developed by reformers such as Cesare Beccaria (1738-1794). This approach described the motive behind the crime, and the method for its control. It was meant to be a more moderate and just approach to crime and punishment, instead of public executions which served to frighten people into obedience. On the other hand, positivism is the branch of social sciences that uses the scientific method of the natural sciences as a basis for studying criminal behavior. According to positivism, human behavior results as a manifestation of several forces: social, b iological, psychological, and economic (Siegel, 2007). In the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, for